As part of its efforts to tackle human-induced climate change, one of the most significant threats to the long-term sustainability of the ecosystem, Ziraat Bank conducts activities aimed at reducing both direct and indirect greenhouse gas emissions in all of its processes.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Ziraat Bank completed its greenhouse gas emission calculations for the year 2023, expanding the scope of its work to include its international branches, in addition to the activities carried out in 2022. Thus, the 2023 calculations were broadened to encompass domestic and international branches, the Head Office and the money group centers.
In contrast with 2022, the 2023 greenhouse gas inventory will include purchased goods and services, fixed assets, resource-oriented transportation, product usage and end-of-life emissions of products. Ziraat Bank has verified its Scope 1, 2, and 3 emission measurements for the year 2023 with the opinion of a third-party.
In the Bank’s sustainability reporting electricity consumption had been calculated at average prices based on invoices prior to 2017, with calculations made taking account of actual consumption in 2017 and average prices after 2018. In 2023, emission calculations from electricity consumption were theoretically computed taking into account payment amounts and the unit electricity prices of the relevant year.
The GHG Protocol Standard was followed for the scope of greenhouse gas emissions. IPCC and Defra references were used for greenhouse gas calculations within the defined boundaries in 2023. The Global Warming Potentials (GWPs) used in the calculations were taken from the IPCC 6th assessment report.
COMPARISON OF SCOPE 1 AND SCOPE 2 EMISSIONS BY YEARS
Emission Source |
2021 Emissions (tonne CO₂eq) |
2022 Emissions (tonne CO₂eq) |
2023 Emissions (tonne CO₂eq) |
Constant Combustion |
12,314 |
36,551.80 |
23,671.49 |
Mobile Combustion |
14,163 |
16,720.07 |
16,852.68 |
Leak Emissions |
7,771 |
929.56 |
4,209.67 |
Purchased Electricity (Market-based) |
38,564 |
27,729.52 |
60,908.87 |
CHANGE IN DIRECT GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
Direct Greenhouse Gas Emissions (Scope 1) |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
Scope 1 change (%) |
||||
Direct Energy Consumption |
Direct Greenhouse Gas Emissions (tCO₂e) |
Direct Energy Consumption |
Direct Greenhouse Gas Emissions (tCO₂e) |
Direct Energy Consumption |
Direct Greenhouse Gas Emissions (tCO₂e) |
2021 2022 |
2022 2023 |
|
Natural gas |
47,698 MWh |
9,662 |
10,743,094.41 kg |
29,014.86 |
8,339,257.58 m3 |
16,196.65 |
200 |
-44 |
Fuel oil |
339 MWh |
92 |
151,618.54 L |
447.94 |
23,240.22 kg |
73.09 |
387 |
-84 |
Diesel (heating) |
1,710 MWh |
381 |
1,272,924.53 L |
3,848.33 |
99,227.59 L |
264.02 |
910 |
-93 |
Coal |
6,936 MWh |
2,175 |
1,611,947.48 kg |
1,950.40 |
4,925,876.74 kg |
5,960.77 |
-10 |
206 |
Pellet |
301 MWh |
4 |
87,901.31 kg |
9.65 |
39,390.88 kg |
4.32 |
141 |
-55 |
Oil |
- |
- |
- |
- |
286,510.20 L |
659.70 |
- |
- |
On Road - Diesel |
52,072 MWh |
14,105 |
5,629,916.07 L |
15,555.26 |
5,318,135.52 L |
14,287.23 |
10 |
-8 |
On Road - Gasoline |
222 MWh |
58 |
496,031.68 L |
1,164.81 |
1,091,556.24 L |
2,565.45 |
1,908 |
120 |
Leak Emissions |
0 MWh |
7,771 |
2,439.76 kg |
929.56 |
4,371.02 kg |
4,209.67 |
-88 |
353 |
LPG |
- |
- |
7,785.04 kg |
24.75 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Generator Diesel |
- |
- |
395,117.00 L |
1,194.52 |
191,851.09 L |
512.94 |
- |
-57 |
Generator Gasoline |
- |
- |
24,302.00 L |
61.35 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Ziraat Bank took a step towards renewable energy consumption by purchasing 50,000 MWh of IREC in 2022 and 75,000 MWh in 2023.
CHANGE IN ENERGY INDIRECT GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
Indirect Greenhouse Gas Emissions (Scope 2) |
2021 |
2022 |
2023 |
Scope 2 change (%) |
||||
Indirect Energy Consumption |
Indirect Greenhouse Gas Emissions (tCO₂e) |
Indirect Energy Consumption |
Indirect Greenhouse Gas Emissions (tCO₂e) |
Indirect Energy Consumption |
Indirect Greenhouse Gas Emissions (tCO₂e) |
2021 2022 |
2022 2023 |
|
Purchased Electricity (kWh) |
84,403,363 |
38,564 |
113,021,645.69 |
27,729.52 |
197,948,859.74 |
60,908.87 |
-28 |
120 |
CHANGE IN INDIRECT GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
Indirect Greenhouse Gas Sources |
2022 |
2023 |
% |
||
Activity Data |
Indirect Greenhouse Gas Emissions (tCO₂e) |
Activity Data |
Indirect Greenhouse Gas Emissions (tCO₂e) |
Scope 3 change 2022 2023 |
|
Raw Material |
- |
- |
2,659.01 tonne |
2,490.92 |
- |
Water Consumption |
- |
- |
349,899.00 m3 |
61.82 |
- |
Capital Goods |
- |
- |
1,277.96 tonne |
3,908.97 |
- |
Electricity T&D |
113,021,645.69 kWh |
6,340.51 |
197,948,859.74 kWh |
12,624.85 |
0.99 |
Electricity WTT-Production |
113,021,645.69 kWh |
11,602.29 |
197,948,859.74 kWh |
20,320.54 |
0.75 |
Electricity WTT-Transmission and Distribution |
113,021,645.69 kWh |
1,439.74 |
197,948,859.74 kWh |
2,521.59 |
0.75 |
WTT-Natural gas Consumption |
10,743.09 tonne |
4,667.11 |
8,339,257.58 m3 |
2,806.99 |
-0.40 |
WTT-Diesel Consumption |
7,297,957.60 L |
4,588.52 |
5,895,724.40 L |
3,602.35 |
-0.21 |
WTT-Gasoline Consumption |
520,333.68 L |
313.67 |
1,378,066.44 L |
800.57 |
1.55 |
WTT-Coal Consumption |
1,611.95 tonne |
633.72 |
4,925,876.74 kg |
0.29 |
-1.00 |
WTT-Pellet Consumption |
- |
- |
39,390.88 kg |
6.97 |
- |
WTT-Fuel oil Consumption |
151,618.54 L |
105.71 |
23,240.22 L |
16.16 |
-0.85 |
WTT-LPG |
7.79 tonne |
2.70 |
- |
- |
- |
Raw Material Transportation |
- |
- |
82,990.74 tonne.km |
14.79 |
- |
Capital Goods Transportation |
- |
- |
402,818.27 tonne.km |
73.82 |
- |
Product Transportation (Company Paid) |
- |
- |
238,026.09 tonne.km |
42.37 |
- |
Waste Transport |
1,539.00 km |
0.81 |
- |
- |
- |
Solid Wastes |
29,400.00 kg |
0.63 |
757.96 tonne |
16.13 |
- |
Liquid Wastes |
- |
- |
349,899.00 m3 |
70.44 |
- |
Business Travels |
4,844,769.25 km |
790.55 |
4,179,655.70 km |
656.02 |
- |
Staff service |
34,056,375.59 km |
3,482.95 |
5,381,585.37 km |
1,124.75 |
- |
Product Usage |
- |
- |
28,108,674.93 hour |
0.05 |
- |
Product End of Life |
- |
- |
344.21 tonne |
6.33 |
- |
In a comparison with previous years, the table below shows changes in Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions. Market-based emissions are considered for Scope 2.
CHANGES IN ZIRAAT BANK SCOPE 1-2 EMISSIONS BY YEARS
Greenhouse Gas Emissions (tCO₂e) |
Scope 1 (tCO₂e) |
Scope 2 (tCO₂e) |
Total tCO₂e (Scope 1&2) |
Change for Total tCO₂e % |
Greenhouse Gas Intensity (tCO₂e/ TL Million Turnover) |
2021 |
34,335.90 |
38,564.10 |
72,900.00 |
2.05 |
0.053 |
2020 |
32,728.70 |
39,110.40 |
71,437.20 |
-12.38 |
0.076 |
2019 |
33,779.80 |
47,754.30 |
81,534.10 |
7.48 |
0.125 |
2018 |
29,015.40 |
46,841.50 |
75,856.90 |
-13.47 |
0.141 |
2017 |
33,428.60 |
54,234.30 |
87,662.90 |
3.29 |
0.202 |
2016 |
36,478.00 |
48,394.70 |
84,872.70 |
-5.27 |
0.237 |
2015 |
40,441.00 |
49,151.60 |
89,592.60 |
17.31 |
0.296 |
2014 |
36,060.50 |
40,311.20 |
76,371.60 |
- |
0.308 |
Ziraat Bank had previously calculated carbon footprint intensity considering its assets. However, from 2022 and 2023, it began calculating this value based on net interest income.
The table below shows the Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions and net interest income intensities for the years 2022 and 2023. In 2023, the intensity of greenhouse gas emissions at Ziraat Bank, based on net interest income, was 0.00000121.
The Bank’s greenhouse gas inventory for the year 2023 amounted to 156,809.44 tonnes of CO₂e. With the inclusion of international branches and the expansion of Scope 3 emissions boundaries in 2023, the greenhouse gas inventory increased by 35.3% compared to the previous year.
SCOPE 1, 2 AND 3 EMISSION AND INTENSITY (TONNES CO₂/NET INTEREST INCOME) CHANGES FOR 2022 AND 2023
Greenhouse Gas Emissions (tCO₂e) |
Scope 1 (tCO₂₂e) |
Scope 2 (tCO₂e) |
Scope 3 (tCO₂e) |
Total tCO₂e (Scope 1-2-3) |
Greenhouse Gas Intensity (tCO₂e/Net Interest Income) |
2023 |
44,733.85 |
60,908.87 |
51,166.73 |
156,809.44 |
0.00000121 |
2022 |
54,201.43 |
27,729.52 |
33,968.91 |
115,899.87 |
0.000000954 |
Ziraat Bank’s 2023 greenhouse gas inventory uncertainty is calculated as 4.22% for Scope 1, 2 and 3.
The table on the following page shows the emission factors used in 2023 calculations.
Emission Factors |
CO₂ |
CH₄ |
N₂O |
CO₂e |
Diesel (mobile combustion) |
74.1 tonne CO₂/TJ |
0.0039 tonne CH4/TJ |
0.0039 tonne N₂O/TJ |
- |
Gasoline (mobile combustion) |
69.3 tonne CO₂/TJ |
0.025 tonne CH4/TJ |
0.008 tonne N₂O/TJ |
- |
Natural gas |
56.1 tonne CO₂/TJ |
0.005 tonne CH4/TJ |
0.0001 tonne N₂O/TJ |
- |
Fuel oil |
77.4 tonne CO₂/TJ |
0.01 tonne CH4/TJ |
0.0006 tonne N2O/TJ |
- |
Diesel |
74.1 tonne CO₂/TJ |
0.01 tonne CH4/TJ |
0.0006 tonne N₂O/TJ |
- |
Coal (Lignite) |
101 tonne CO₂/TJ |
0.01 tonne CH4/TJ |
0.0015 tonne N₂O/TJ |
- |
Pellet (Biomass) |
100 tonne CO₂/TJ |
0.3 tonne CH4/TJ |
0.004 tonne N₂O/TJ |
- |
Oil |
69.3 tonne CO₂/TJ |
0.003 tonne CH4/TJ |
0.0006 tonne N₂O/TJ |
- |
LPG |
63.1 tonne CO₂/TJ |
0.001 tonne CH4/TJ |
0.000 tonne N₂O/TJ |
- |
Diesel-Generator |
74.1 tonne CO₂/TJ |
0.01 tonne CH4/TJ |
0.0006 tonne N₂O/TJ |
- |
Gasoline-Generator |
69.3 tonne CO₂/TJ |
0.003 tonne CH4/TJ |
0.001 tonne N₂O/TJ |
- |
Refrigerants-R134A |
- |
- |
- |
1,530 kg CO₂e/kg |
Refrigerants-R600 |
- |
- |
- |
3 kg CO₂e/kg |
Refrigerants-R410A |
- |
- |
- |
2,255.5 kg CO₂e/kg |
Refrigerants-R32 |
- |
- |
- |
771 kg CO₂e/kg |
Fire extinguishers-CO₂ |
- |
- |
- |
1 kg CO₂e/kg |
Electricity (2014 grid) |
0.49306 kg CO₂/kWh |
0.003 kg CH₄/kWh |
0.00121 kg N₂O/kWh |
0.494 kg CO₂e/kg |
Electricity (2015 grid) |
0.55036 kg CO₂/kWh |
0.00021 kg CH₄/kWh |
0.00139 kg N₂O/kWh |
0.552 kg CO₂e/kg |
Electricity (2016 grid) |
0.48985 kg CO₂/kWh |
0.00018 kg CH₄/kW |
0.00131 kg N₂O/kWh |
0.491 kg CO₂e/kg |
Electricity (2017 grid) |
0.51047 kg CO₂/kWh |
0.00018 kg CH₄/kW |
0.00147 kg N₂O/kWh |
0.512 kg CO₂e/kg |
Electricity (2018 grid) |
0.50501 kg CO₂/kWh |
0.00018 kg CH₄/kW |
0.00142 kg N₂O/kWh |
0.507 kg CO₂e/kg |
Electricity (2019 grid) |
0.512 kg CO₂/kWh |
0.00018 kg CH₄/kW |
0.00156 kg N₂O/kWh |
0.514 kg CO₂e/kg |
Electricity (2020 grid) |
0.47523 kg CO₂/kWh |
0.00016 kg CH₄/kW |
0.00157 kg N₂O/kWh |
0.477 kg CO₂e/kg |
Electricity (2021 grid) |
0.45531 kg CO₂/kWh |
0.00015 kg CH₄/kW |
0.00143 kg N₂O/kWh |
0.457 kg CO₂e/kg |
Electricity (2022 grid) |
- |
- |
- |
0.44 kg CO₂e/kg |
Electricity (TR) |
- |
- |
- |
0.44 kg CO₂e/kg |
Electricity (UK) |
- |
- |
- |
0.207 kg CO₂e/kg |
Electricity (BG) |
- |
- |
- |
0.362 kg CO₂e/kg |
Emission Factors |
CO₂ |
CH₄ |
N₂O |
CO₂e |
Electricity (GR) |
- |
- |
- |
0.454 kg CO₂e/kg |
Electricity (XK) |
- |
- |
- |
1.34 kg CO₂e/kg |
Electricity (IQ) |
- |
- |
- |
0.756 kg CO₂e/kg |
Electricity (SA) |
- |
- |
- |
0.506 kg CO₂e/kg |
Road Transport-Diesel-HGV vehicles |
- |
- |
- |
0.18 kg CO₂e/tonne.k |
Sea Transportation-Cargo Ships-Container |
- |
- |
- |
0.016 kg CO₂e/tonne.k |
Business Travel-Short Distance, Economy |
- |
- |
- |
0.18 kg CO₂e/passenger.km |
Business Travel-Long Distance, Economy |
- |
- |
- |
0.2 kg CO₂e/passenger.km |
Business Travel-Short Distance, Business |
- |
- |
- |
0.27 kg CO₂e/passenger.km |
Business Travel-Long Distance, Business |
- |
- |
- |
0.58 kg CO₂e/passenger.km |
Personnel Shuttle Service |
- |
- |
- |
0.21 kg CO₂e/km |
Raw Material Use-Paper |
- |
- |
- |
0.91 kg CO₂e/kg |
Raw Material Use-Paper (Recycled) |
- |
- |
- |
0.73 kg CO₂e/kg |
Raw Material Use-Plastic |
- |
- |
- |
3.1 kg CO₂e/kg |
Capital Goods Use-Wood |
- |
- |
- |
312,612 kg CO₂e/tonne |
Capital Goods Use - Metal |
- |
- |
- |
3,086.73 kg CO₂e/tonne |
Capital Goods Use-Electrical Appliances-Small |
- |
- |
- |
5,647.95 kg CO₂e/tonne |
Capital Goods Use-Electrical Appliances-Large |
- |
- |
- |
3,267 kg CO₂e/tonne |
Capital Goods Use-Plastic |
- |
- |
- |
3,102.45 kg CO₂e/tonne |
Wastes-Industrial Waste (Combustion) |
- |
- |
- |
21.28 kg CO₂e/tonne |
Wastes-Industrial Waste (Landfill) |
- |
- |
- |
520.33 kg CO₂e/tonne |
Wastes-Paper and Cardboard (Closed Loop) |
- |
- |
- |
21.28 kg CO₂e/tonne |
Waste-Plastic (Closed Loop) |
- |
- |
- |
21.28 kg CO₂e/tonne |
Wastes-Metal (Closed Loop) |
- |
- |
- |
21.28 kg CO₂e/tonne |
Water supply |
- |
- |
- |
0.18 kg CO₂e/m3 |
Wastewater Treatment |
- |
- |
- |
0.2 kg CO₂e/m3 |
Product End of Life-Plastic (Recycling) |
- |
- |
- |
0.02 tonne CO₂eq/tonne |
Product End of Life-Plastic (Incineration) |
- |
- |
- |
0.02 tonne CO₂eq/tonne |
Product End of Life-Plastic (Landfill) |
- |
- |
- |
0.01 tonne CO₂eq/tonne |
Product Usage |
- |
- |
- |
1.70E-06 kg CO₂eq/hour |
Electricity T&D |
- |
- |
- |
12.66% |
Electricity WTT-Production |
- |
- |
- |
0.1 kg CO₂e /kWh |
Emission Factors |
CO₂ |
CH4 |
N2O |
CO₂e |
Electricity WTT-Transmission and Distribution |
- |
- |
- |
0.01 kg CO₂e /kWh |
WTT-Natural gas |
- |
- |
- |
0.34 kg CO₂e/m3 |
WTT-Oil (Average Biofuel Mixture) |
- |
- |
- |
0.58 kg CO₂e/L |
WTT-Diesel (Average Biofuel Blend) |
- |
- |
- |
0.61 kg CO₂e/L |
WTT-Lignite |
- |
- |
- |
0.06 kg CO₂e/tonne |
WTT-Pellet |
- |
- |
- |
177 kg CO₂e/tonne |
WTT-Fuel oil |
- |
- |
- |
0.7 kg CO₂e/L |
Ziraat Towers - the first and only green building to receive the LEED Certificate within the Istanbul Finance Center campus
Ziraat Towers became the first and only green building within the Istanbul Finance Center campus to receive the LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) Platinum Certificate, a green building rating system used worldwide. The LEED Platinum Certification, considered the highest level in the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification program, is awarded by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC), a nonprofit organization, to projects that achieve the highest level of success in evaluation criteria such as energy efficiency, water savings, environmental impact reduction and health standards.
Throughout the design and construction process, the requirements of the LEED Platinum Certification were meticulously prioritized in the project. All materials, equipment, machinery groups and electro-mechanical systems were designed and implemented with consideration for energy efficiency and environmental impacts. The importance which Ziraat REIT placed on sustainable construction practices was once again confirmed on an international scale with the LEED Platinum Certification.
